激光干涉法一次沖擊加速度校準(zhǔn)

梁志國(guó) 李新良 連大鴻
長(zhǎng)城計(jì)量測(cè)試技術(shù)研究所計(jì)量與校準(zhǔn)國(guó)家重點(diǎn)實(shí)驗(yàn)室,北京100095
摘　要:介紹了利用激光光柵干涉技術(shù)進(jìn)行沖擊加速度校準(zhǔn)的一種方法，將沖擊加速度直接絕對(duì)溯源于基本量和單位（時(shí)間和長(zhǎng)度）。對(duì)差動(dòng)式光柵激光干涉沖擊校準(zhǔn)裝置的原理作了介紹，特點(diǎn)是使用沖擊激勵(lì)，通過(guò)光柵的柵距、衍射級(jí)數(shù)、激光波長(zhǎng)及激光的多普勒頻移來(lái)最終確定沖擊速度和加速度的瞬時(shí)值。使用了調(diào)頻信號(hào)的一種數(shù)字化解調(diào)方法實(shí)現(xiàn)多普勒頻移數(shù)據(jù)的處理，時(shí)間分辨力為一個(gè)采樣間隔，具有魯棒性好、過(guò)程收斂、結(jié)果精確等特點(diǎn)。應(yīng)用滑動(dòng)最小二乘擬合直線段的方法實(shí)現(xiàn)微分運(yùn)算，獲得了沖擊速度和加速度的瞬時(shí)測(cè)量結(jié)果，并給出了實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果。[著者文摘]

Primary Shock Calibration Using Laser InterferometryLiang Zhiguo,Li Xinliang,Lian Dahong National Laboratory of Metrology ＆ Measurement of Changcheng Institute of Metrology ＆ Measurement, Beijing 100095, ChinaAbstract:An accelerometer shock calibration method by using grating laser interference technique is described in this paper. The shock acceleration value is directly and absolutely acquired from the basic quantity and unit （time and length）. The principle of the differential grating laser interferometer shock calibration device are introduced. Its characteristic is through impulse stimulation by using the grating width, diffraction series, laser wavelength, and the Doppler frequency shift to determine the shock velocity and the shock acceleration instantaneous value. By employing a frequency demodulation method of FM signal, the Doppler frequency shift of laser is gained, the time resolution of this method is just one sampling period, and both the Robust and convergent of this method are excellent, its precision is good enough. By using movement least square beeline segment, the paper realized the differential operation, and obtained the shock velocity and the shock acceleration instantaneous value. Finally, an experimental result is given.[著者文摘]

Key words:metrology, grating laser interferometer, shock calibration frequency demodulation.