測量不確定度最大殘差系數的一種新算法

測量不確定度最大殘差系數的一種新算法

王中宇[1] 張海濱[1] 劉智敏[2][1]北京航空航天大學儀器科學與光電工程學院,北京100083 [2]中國計量科學研究院,北京100013摘　要:在測量不確定度的評定中，用測量數據的最大殘差乘以適當的系數獲得標準差的方法稱為最大殘差法。通過對最大殘差的分布函數及其數字特征的分析研究，建立了最大殘差的概率模型。并且利用蒙特卡羅模擬及Matlab軟件，提出了計算測量不確定度最大殘差系數的一種新方法，求出了當測量次數小于50時，最大殘差所對應的分布函數、均值、標準差和自由度的數值，并給出了最大殘差法的系數表。最后通過測量實例驗證了理論分析的正確性。用文中提出的方法可簡單、迅速、可靠地計算出所需要的標準差數值。[著者文摘]

關鍵詞:計量學 測量不確定度 標準差 最大殘差 蒙特卡羅模擬
分類號:　TB9[免標]文獻標識碼：A文章編號：1000-1158（2006）03-0201-05欄目信息：
相關文獻:主題相關

A Novel Method for Calculating the Coefficient of Maximum Residual in Measurement UncertaintyWANG Zhong-yu, ZHANG Hai-bin , LIU Zhi-min 1 .School of Instrument Science ＆ Opto-electronics Engineering, Beijing University of Aeronautics ＆ Astronautics, Beijing 100083, China; 2.National Institute of Metrology , Beijing 100013, ChinaAbstract:The method of maximum residual error for measurement uncertainty can be used to calculate the standard deviation in a simple, rapid and reliable way. The general method of maximum residual error and its distribution are analyzed . The probability model of the maximum residual error is also built. A novel method of calculating the coefficient of maximum residual error is introduced by using the Monte Carlo simulation and Matlab software. Calculations of the distribution function and the numerical characteristics of maximum residual are also developed. The coefficients of maximum residual error are calculated when the measuring number is less than 50. Finally some practical examples are given and the correctness of the applied methods is validated by the measurement experiments.[著者文摘]

Key words:Metrology; Uncertainty in measurement; Standard error; Maximum residual error; Monte Carlo simulation