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標題: 射線測量的單位 [打印本頁]

作者: 三妹乖乖 時間: 2009-12-3 11:27
標題: 射線測量的單位

射線測量的單位

The curie is the number of particles per second from 1 gram of Radium = 3.7 x 10 E10 counts/second = 37 billion cps. = 37 billion Becquerel.

1 Becquerel (Bq) = 1 count per second = 1 event per second

1 microcurie = 1 uCi = 37,000 Bq = 37,000 cps.

1 microcurie = 2.22 x 10E6 disintegrations / minute = 2,220,000 cpm.

1 nanocurie = 1 billionth of a curie = 2,220 disintegrations / minute.

1 picocurie = 2.2 disintegrations / min.

Dosage units:

Gray (Gy) = 1 Joule/kg

Sievert (Sv) = Gray x QF, where QF is a "quality factor" based on the type of particle.
QF for electrons, positrons, and xrays = 1 QF = 3 to 10 for neutrons, protons dependent upon the energy transferred by these heavier particles.

QF = 20 for alpha particles and fission fragments.

The Sievert is a measure of biological effect.

Converting older units:

1 rad = 1 centigray = 10 milligrays ( 1 rad = 1cGy = 10 mGy )

1 rem = 1 centisievert = 10 millisieverts ( 1 rem = 1cSv = 10 mSv )

1 mrad = 10 uGy

Nominal background radiation absorbed dose of 100 mrad/year = 1 mGy/yr.

Nominal background radiation dose biological equivalent of 100mrem/year = 1mSv/yr.

Occupational whole body limit is 5 rem/yr = 50 mSv/yr. ( Recently proposed that levels be reduced to 2 rem/yr.)

2.5 mrem/hr or 25 uSv/hr is maximum average working level in industry.

Exposure rate from Naturally Occurring Radioactive Material (NORM) ; an empirically derived conversion factor for Ra-226 decay series: 1.82 microR/ hour = 1 picoCurie/gram.

作者: lishengchun 時間: 2011-4-3 22:10
量的名稱    非法定計量單位       法定計量單位          換算關系
照射量       倫琴(R)                   C/kg（庫/千克）       1R=2.58*10E-4C/kg
劑量當量       拉德(rad)                Gy（戈瑞）             1rad=10E-2Gy
吸收劑量       雷姆(rem)          Sv(希沃）             1rem=10E-2Sv
放射性活度    居里(Ci)                   Bq（貝克勒爾）       1Ci=3.7*10E-10Bq

作者: zhansir 時間: 2014-11-9 03:33
不錯，我補充點中文的吧！

常用輻射量與單位.pdf

206.55 KB, 下載次數: 18, 下載積分: 金幣 -1

作者: hbjl0392 時間: 2015-7-17 10:02
有一定的參考價值

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